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My subject today is concerning diabetes type one and two. Diabetes is a growing problem in todays society and is becoming a bigger problem as each year passes. I have five members in my family that have diabetes. Four of them have type two diabetes and one of them has type one diabetes. My wife is one of those that has type two diabetes but I believe with diet and exercise she can be diabetes free. The first subject will be diabetes type one. Type one diabetes is a disease in which the body cannot properly metabolize food, especially carbohydrates. Insulin is a hormone, produced in the pancreas, which the body needs to convert glucose and other foods into energy. Type one diabetes is referred to juvenile diabetes or insulin dependent diabetes. With type one diabetes the pancreas no longer produces insulin. Because of this excess glucose builds up in the blood, damaging organs, nerves, and blood vessels. When this happens some excess glucose spills over into the urine. Some doctors believe that its genetic and others believe a virus or trauma triggered the abnormal immunity and the body destroys insulin producing cells. Type one diabetes is diagnosed by taking blood glucose tests. People who are diagnosed with type one diabetes must take insulin injections or fitted with an insulin pump. Some symptoms are excessive thirst, frequent urination, fatigue and weakness, and weight loss. Type one diabetes usually begins before a person is thirty. This disease cannot be cured but can be controlled. The brain and other organs become starved and the results in a buildup of toxic chemicals called ketones that cause brain damage. Without daily insulin a person could go into a diabetic coma and die. People with diabetes have a higher risk of blindness and kidney failure. Diabetics also tend to have poor circulation in the feet and toes leading to possible amputation. Diabetes also damage nerves and causes numbness or pain in the legs. Diabetes increases the risk of high blood pressure and elevated blood cholesterol levels. All these factors are linked to a higher possibility of having heart attacks and strokes. Diabetes can cause impotence in men and diabetic women can have difficulty becoming pregnant.

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Type two diabetes also involves an inability for the body to properly use glucose. In type two diabetes the pancreas may or may not produce enough insulin and the body does not use it properly. When this occurs excess sugar builds up in the blood and damages blood vessels and other organs. This kind of diabetes is called adult diabetes because it generally occurs in middle age or later.
The usual cause of type two diabetes are aging and excessive body weight gain. The same blood test is done for type two to determine levels of glucose in the blood. Urine tests will show if you have excessive amounts of sugar in the blood that spill over into the urine. Diet and exercise is a basic treatment but may not be enough to bring your sugar level down. If diet and exercise isnt enough your doctor will prescribe medications to help bring your glucose level to normal. If you have type two diabetes it is important to monitor your blood sugar level.